Brazilian medical education and the incorporation of technologies before and during the COVID-19 pandemic / La educación médica brasileña y la incorporación de tecnología antes y durante la pandemia de COVID-19

Durante la pandemia de COVID-19, se intensificó el uso de tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC). Este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar la incorporación de las TIC en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje por parte de docentes, estudiantes de grado y posgrado de Medicina de instituciones públicas y privadas brasileñas, antes y durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Se adoptó una encuesta transversal para esta investigación, con recolección de datos, realizada de mayo a septiembre de 2020. Los datos fueron analizados mediante estadística descriptiva y análisis temático. Participaron 242 personas: 153 estudiantes de pregrado, 19 estudiantes de posgrado y 70 profesores. Los participantes consideraron que el apoyo brindado por sus instituciones educativas en 2020 para el uso de las TIC fue bueno (44,2 por ciento, 107/242) o excelente (22,3 por ciento, 54/242). Las tecnologías más utilizadas en 2020 fueron los entornos de aprendizaje virtual (79,8 por ciento, 193/242) y las videoconferencias (77,7 por ciento, 188/242). La mayoría de los encuestados prefiere la modalidad presencial (50,4 por ciento, 122/242), seguida de los que prefieren el uso ocasional de las TIC (22,3 por ciento, 54/242). Los participantes registraron 171 percepciones relacionadas con el uso de las TIC como recurso pedagógico y su importancia durante la pandemia. Los participantes reconocieron el uso complementario de las TIC en sus actividades académicas y consideraron que el apoyo institucional fue adecuado. No se informaron dificultades financieras, pero los participantes mencionaron la falta de formación y el uso limitado de las TIC en actividades prácticas(AU)

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) was intensified. This study aimed to investigate the incorporation of ICT in the teaching-learning process by teachers, undergraduate and graduate Medicine students from Brazilian public and private institutions, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Cross-sectional survey was used to perform this research, with data collection carried out from May to September 2020. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. There were 242 participants: 153 undergraduate students, 19 graduate students, and 70 faculty members. The participants considered that the support provided by their educational institutions in 2020 for the use of ICT was good (44.2percent, 107/242) or excellent (22.3percent, 54/242). The technologies most often used in 2020 were virtual learning environments (79.8percent, 193/242) and videoconferences (77.7percent, 188/242). The majority of respondents prefer the classroom-based' modality (50.4percent, 122/242), followed by those who prefer the occasional use of ICT (22.3percent, 54/242). The participants registered 171 perceptions related to the use of ICT as a pedagogical resource and its importance during the pandemic. The respondents recognized the complementary use of ICT in their academic activities and considered that the institutional support was adequate. No financial difficulties were reported, but participants mentioned lack of training and limited use of ICT in practical activities. To overcome such gaps, the use of ICT should take into account preferences and specificities of medical education, for which institutions have to prepare themselves pedagogically(AU)

Can the income level of rural residents be improved by the Chinese "Broadband Village?": Evidence from a regression discontinuity design of the six pilot provinces.

The "Broadband Village" (B&V) initiative is a substantial investment in internet construction in rural areas in six western provinces implemented by the Chinese government since 2014. This study evaluates the effect this policy has had. Panel data of 1,049 counties in China from 2015 to 2019 are used for the regression discontinuity design (RD) to estimate the impact of B&V on the improvement of the income level of rural residents. The results show that, compared to the counties without the B&V policy, the income of rural residents in counties with B&V has increased by 1.468-1.518 times, which is nearly 1.3 times the sample mean of survey data, indicating that the income level of rural residents has been improved significantly by B&V. However, the quantile regression results show that the higher the income level of rural residents, the smaller the effect of this policy. From the dynamic effect of years, the influence curve of B&V on rural residents' income is an inverted U-shaped, first increasing and then decreasing, and the impact of this policy on the income level of highly-educated farmers is greater. Finally, three different methods are used to verify the robustness of the model.

Optimización para los motores de búsqueda (SEO) y la garantía de posicionamiento en los buscadores / Search engine optimization (SEO) and search engine positioning guarantee

RESUMEN Una gran parte de la búsqueda y consumo de información digital hoy depende de los motores de búsqueda. Muchos usuarios lo utilizan como el primer paso o punto de acceso para comenzar su consulta de información. Por ello, la optimización y al mismo tiempo la visibilidad en estos buscadores, pasa a ser asunto de prioridad para elaboradores o productores de recursos de información. La optimización para los motores de búsqueda (SEO, por sus siglas en inglés) se refiere al proceso por el cual una página web obtiene y mantiene posiciones notables en las páginas de resultados naturales de los buscadores, también llamados resultados orgánicos o algorítmicos. Este trabajo aborda la importancia que esto reviste para lograr una mejor visualización de la información que se genera en las revistas médicas y en el mundo de la documentación en general.

ABSTRACT A great part of the search and consumption of digital information today depends on search engines. Many users use it as the first step or access point to begin their information inquiry. For this reason, optimization and, at the same time, visibility in these search engines, becomes a matter of priority for developers or producers of information resources. Search engine optimization (SEO) refers to the process by which a web page obtains and maintains notable positions on the pages of natural search engine results, also called organic or algorithmic results. This work comprises the importance of this to achieve a better visualization of the information generated in medical journals and in the documentation world in general.

Utilização de sistema de informação e suas influências sobre a segurança de pacientes / Uso del sistema de información y sus influencias en la seguridad del paciente / Use of the information system and its influences on patient safety

Buscamos analisar a utilização de um sistema de informação e suas influências sobre a segurança de pacientes. Estudo de caso, de abordagem qualitativa, onde realizaram-se entrevistas com 21 profissionais e observações relacionadas à utilização de um sistema de informação em uma Unidade de Pronto Atendimento regional em Minas Gerais, Brasil. Analisou-se os dados a partir da Análise de Conteúdo, modalidade Temático-Categorial. Verificamos que há deficiências na conectividade; incompatibilidades da tecnologia com o trabalho na urgência; baixa qualidade das informações; sobrecarga de trabalho; pressões externas e internas; fragilidades na capacitação, no suporte técnico e na avaliação da tecnologia. Tais situações fragilizaram a utilização da tecnologia, potencializando riscos à segurança de pacientes. É imperativo desenvolver tecnologias seguras, incentivar a utilização segura e aprimorá-las, considerando os profissionais como participantes destes processos(AU)

En este estudio nos propusimos analizar el uso de un sistema de información y sus influencias en la seguridad del paciente. Se realizó un estudio con enfoque cualitativo, donde se realizaron entrevistas a 21 profesionales y observaciones relacionadas con el uso de un sistema de información en un Servicio Regional de Emergencias en Minas Gerais, Brasil. Los datos fueron procesados mediante el análisis de contenido y la modalidad temático-categorial. Se encontró que existen deficiencias en la conectividad; incompatibilidades entre tecnología y trabajo de emergencia; baja calidad de la información; sobrecarga de trabajo; presiones externas e internas; debilidades en la capacitación, en el soporte técnico y en la evaluación tecnológica. Estas situaciones han debilitado el uso de la tecnología, lo que ha aumentado los riesgos para la seguridad del paciente. Es preciso desarrollar tecnologías seguras, fomentar su uso y mejorarlas, considerando a los profesionales como partícipes de estos procesos(AU)

In this study we analyzed the use of an information system and its influences on patient safety. A study with a qualitative approach was conducted, where interviews were carried out with 21 professionals and observations related to the use of an information system in a Regional Emergency Service in Minas Gerais, Brazil. The data were processed through content analysis and thematic-categorical modality. It was found that there are deficiencies in connectivity; incompatibilities between technology and emergency work; low quality of information; work overload; external and internal pressures; weaknesses in training, technical support and technological evaluation. These situations have weakened the use of technology, which has increased risks to patient safety. It is necessary to develop safe technologies, promote their use and improve them, considering professionals as participants in these processes(AU)

Gerotechnology for Older Adults With Cardiovascular Diseases: JACC State-of-the-Art Review.

The growing population of older adults (age ≥65 years) is expected to lead to higher rates of cardiovascular disease. The expansion of digital health (encompassing telehealth, telemedicine, mobile health, and remote patient monitoring), Internet access, and cellular technologies provides an opportunity to enhance patient care and improve health outcomes-opportunities that are particularly relevant during the current coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic. Insufficient dexterity, visual impairment, and cognitive dysfunction, found commonly in older adults should be taken into consideration in the development and utilization of existing technologies. If not implemented strategically and appropriately, these can lead to inequities propagating digital divides among older adults, across disease severities and socioeconomic distributions. A systematic approach, therefore, is needed to study and implement digital health strategies in older adults. This review will focus on current knowledge of the benefits, barriers, and use of digital health in older adults for cardiovascular disease management.

Experiências de pacientes com câncer divulgadas nas redes sociais virtuais / Experiencias de pacientes con cáncer publicadas en las redes sociales virtuales / Cancer patients experiences published in virtual social networks

As redes socais virtuais podem ser utilizadas como fontes de dados complementares aos tradicionais, pois ao examinar como as pessoas descrevem suas experiências pode-se entender o impacto da doença e seu tratamento. Buscou-se identificar e analisar o perfil, as percepções esentimentos de pessoas com câncer que interagem em rede social virtual. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, qualitativo segundo a etnografia virtual. Foram utilizadas observação e entrevista semiestruturada. O processo analítico foi por meio da análise temática dos dados, sendo utilizado o software ATLAS TI 8 para organização dos dados. Participaram da pesquisa 18 sujeitos, de dois grupos do Facebook. A coleta teve início após a aprovação pelo Comitê de Ética,parecer no: 1.793.414. A partir dos relatos emergiram as categorias: motivações para o compartilhamento da vivência, sentimentos ao compartilhar experiências em rede social virtual, influência da rede social virtual nas percepções e conhecimentos sobre a doença e experiências vivenciadas a partir de publicações na rede social virtual. Os resultados, em geral, demonstram que as redes sociais influenciam de forma positiva no enfrentamento da doença, através do apoio mútuo, troca de experiências, expressão de sentimentos e conhecimento gerado(AU)

Las redes sociales virtuales pueden ser utilizadas como fuentes de datos complementarias a los tradicionales porque, al examinar cómo las personas describen sus experiencias, se puede comprender el impacto de la enfermedad y su tratamiento. Intentamos identificar y analizar el perfil, las percepciones y los sentimientos de las personas con cáncer que interactúan en la red social virtual. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, cualitativo, según la etnografía virtual. Se utilizaron observaciones y entrevistas semiestructuradas. El proceso analítico fue a través del análisis temático de los datos, utilizando el software ATLASTI 8 para su organización. Participaron de la investigación 18 sujetos de dos grupos de Facebook. La colección comenzó después de la aprobación del Comité de Ética. De los informes surgieron las siguientes categorías: motivaciones para compartir la experiencia; sentimientos al compartir experiencias en una red social virtual; influencia de la red social virtual en las percepciones y conocimiento sobre la enfermedad; y experiencias vividas a partir de las publicaciones en la red social virtual. Los resultados, en general, demuestran que las redes sociales influyen positivamente en el manejo de la enfermedad, a través del apoyo mutuo, el intercambio de experiencias, la expresión de sentimientos y el conocimiento generado(AU)

Virtual social networks may serve as information sources complementary to traditional ones, since analysis of the way in which people describe their experiences may lead to understanding the impact of the disease and its treatment. Our purpose was to identify and analyze the profile, perceptions and feelings of people with cancer who interact in virtual social networks. A descriptive qualitative study was conducted on the basis of virtual ethnography. Observations and semi-structured interviews were carried out. Thematic analysis of the data used the software ATLASTI 8 for their organization. Participants in the research were 18 subjects from two Facebook groups. Data collection started upon approval by the Ethics Committee. The following categories were drawn from the reports: motivations for sharing the experience; feelings experienced when sharing experiences in a virtual social network, influence of the virtual social network on perceptions of and knowledge about the disease; and experiences stemming from publications in the virtual social network. Results generally show that social networks positively influence the management of the disease via mutual support, the exchange of experiences, the expression of feelings and the knowledge generated(AU)

La ciberdefensa en los sistemas de información sanitarios militares / Cyberdefense in the Military Healthcare Information Systems

No disponible

Tendencia de la población española de búsqueda en internet sobre información relacionada con diferentes dietas / Spanish population trends in Internet searches for information on different diets

OBJETIVO: Explorar a través Google Trends las tendencias del interés de la población española sobre información relacionada con diferentes tipos de dietas, focalizadas en las más populares y con estudios de evidencia, a lo largo de los últimos 10 años. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Se analizaron las tendencias de búsqueda de los términos «dieta mediterránea», «dieta cetogénica», «dieta baja en grasas», «ayuno intermitente» y «dieta vegana». El volumen relativo de búsqueda (VRB) de cada término fue comparado. La dirección de la tendencia se estudió mediante la correlación de Spearman (CS). RESULTADOS: El término «dieta mediterránea» fue el más buscado, con una mediana de VRB de 16 (rango intercuartil [RI] 6; rango 8-100), aunque siguió una tendencia cronológica decreciente (CS = -0,216). Le siguieron «dieta cetogénica», con VRB de 8 (RI 9; rango 1-57); «dieta vegana», con VRB de 4 (RI 5; rango 0-16); «ayuno intermitente», con VRB de 2 (RI 5; rango 0-27), y «dieta baja en grasas», con VRB de 1,16 (RI 0; rango 0-2). El término con mejor correlación a lo largo del tiempo fue «ayuno intermitente» (CS = 0,96), seguido de «dieta cetogénica» (CS = 0,91) y «dieta vegana» (CS = 0,85). CONCLUSIÓN: En España, el interés de la población sobre la información acerca de la dieta mediterránea es mayor que para otras dietas. Sin embargo, en los últimos años se ha producido un incremento progresivo en el interés, medido como VRB, en otras dietas, como la dieta cetogénica, la dieta vegana o el ayuno intermitente, y se ha producido una reducción en el interés por la dieta mediterránea. La dieta baja en grasas no genera interés en la población española

OBJECTIVE: To use Google Trends to explore the trends of interest of the Spanish population regarding information related to different types of diets, focused on those that are popular and with evidence-based studies, over the last 10 years. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The search trends referred to the terms «Mediterranean diet», «ketogenic diet», «low fat diet», «intermittent fasting» and «vegan diet» were analyzed. The relative search volumes (RSV) of the terms were compared. The direction of the trend was studied using the Spearman's correlation coefficient (SC). RESULTS: «Mediterranean diet» was the most widely searched term, with a median RSV of 16 (interquartile range [IQR] 6; range 8-100), though it exhibited a decreasing chronological trend (SC = -0.216). It was followed by «ketogenic diet», with an RSV of 8 (IQR 9; range 1-57); «vegan diet», with an RSV of 4 (IQR 5; range 0-16); «intermittent fasting», with an RSV of 2 (IQR 5; range 0-27), and «low fat diet», with an RSV of 1.16 (IQR 0; range 0-2). The term with the best correlation over time was «intermittent fasting» (SC = 0.96), followed by «ketogenic diet» (SC = 0.91) and «vegan diet» (SC = 0.85). CONCLUSIONS: In Spain, the interest of the population in information about the Mediterranean diet is greater than for other diets. However, in recent years there has been a progressive increase in interest (measured as RSV) in other diets such as the ketogenic diet, vegan diet or intermittent fasting, and there has been a decrease in interest in the Mediterranean diet. The low fat diet does not generate interest in the Spanish population

The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on internet use and escapism in adolescents / El impacto del confinamiento por el COVID-19 en el uso de internet y la evasión en los adolescentes

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on everyday functioning, considerable measures being taken to reduce the spread of the virus. Schools and social avenues have been placed on prolonged lockdowns, with people continuing to maintain physical distance. Adolescents and young people have had to endure significant stress alongside dealing with developmental characteristics. Amidst all of this, studies report an increase in gaming addiction and internet use with detrimental impact on psychosocial well-being. The aim of the present study was to examine the impact of lockdown on internet use in adolescents, comparing their habits from before the pandemic. Furthermore, this research aimed to investigate the relationship between gaming addiction, internet use and COVID-19 worries. Adolescents from several countries (e.g., India, Malaysia, Mexico and the UK) completed online questionnaires, shared via social media and youth networks. These measures included questions on internet, social media, gaming, depression, loneliness, escapism and COVID-19. Results show that adolescents generally have increased their use of social media sites and streaming services. Further, those who scored highly on gaming addiction, compulsive internet use and social media use also reported high scores of depression, loneliness, escapism, poor sleep quality and anxiety related to the pandemic. Our findings indicate that, regardless of country of residence, the COVID-19 outbreak has had a significant effect on adolescent internet use and psychosocial well-being. The need to address pandemic related distress to reduce the effect of maladaptive coping strategies is highlighted

La pandemia del COVID-19 ha tenido un impacto significativo en el funcionamiento diario, tomándose medidas importantes para reducir la propagación del virus. Las escuelas y los espacios públicos se han cerrado durante largos periodos, y la distancia física se ha impuesto. Los adolescentes y jóvenes han tenido que soportar un estrés significativo al tiempo que lidiar con las situaciones propias de su desarrollo. Los estudios informan de un aumento en la adicción al juego y al uso de Internet con un impacto perjudicial en el bienestar psicosocial. El objetivo del presente estudio fue examinar el impacto del confinamiento en el uso de Internet en los adolescentes, comparando sus hábitos con antes de la pandemia. Además, se estudia la relación entre la adicción al juego, el uso de Internet y las preocupaciones por el COVID-19. Adolescentes de varios países (India, Malasia, México y Reino Unido) completaron los cuestionarios online, que se distribuyeron a través de redes sociales y redes de jóvenes. Se incluyeron preguntas sobre Internet, redes sociales, juego, depresión, soledad, aversión y COVID-19. Los resultados muestran que los adolescentes en general han aumentado el uso de redes sociales y de servicios de transmisión. Además, los que obtuvieron puntuaciones altas en adicción al juego, uso compulsivo de Internet y uso de redes sociales también informaron de puntuaciones altas en depresión, soledad, aversión, mala calidad del sueño y ansiedad relacionada con la pandemia. Nuestros hallazgos indican que, independientemente del país de residencia, el confinamiento por COVID-19 ha tenido un efecto significativo en el uso de Internet y en el bienestar psicosocial de los adolescentes. Se destaca la necesidad de abordar el distrés relacionado con la pandemia para reducir el efecto de las estrategias de afrontamiento desadaptativas

Connecting humanity: assessing investment needs of connecting humanity to the Internet by 2030

Nearly half the global population aged 10 years and over ­ equating to some three billion people ­ has never used the Internet. Many of the unconnected live in rural and remote areas, where connectivity remains a challenge. A disproportionate number are women, particularly in Africa and South Asia, where the digital gender divide is particularly marked. And of course most are poor, lack basic literacy and, with only limited digital exposure, see little value in getting online. With just ten years remaining to meet the SDGs, this timely new report asks: What will it take to connect the world? How much investment is needed, where are the global 'pain points', and how can we mobilize the unprecedented levels of financing needed to extend networks to unserved communities?

Módulo educativo en ambiente virtual de aprendizaje en Diabetes Mellitus / Educational module in a virtual learning environment on Diabetes Mellitus / Módulo educativo em ambiente virtual de aprendizagem em Diabetes Mellitus

INTRODUCCIÓN: Los profesionales de enfermería necesitan ser capacitados y cualificados para atender a las personas con diabetes y uno de los aspectos considerado como fundamental para esa capacitación es el conocimiento de los recursos tecnológicos indicados para el desarrollo del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, como informática, internet, hipermedia, multimedia, y las diversas herramientas de interacción y comunicación. OBJETIVOS: Los objetivos de este estudio fueron desarrollar un módulo educativo sobre pie diabético en Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizaje - AVA en la plataforma Moodle para estudiantes de enfermería y someter el programa a la evaluación de los alumnos. MÉTODO: Se trata de un estudio descriptivo transversal, realizado con 31 estudiantes. El módulo educativo fue desarrollado como curso distribuido en cuatro capítulos versando sobre pie diabético. Después del curso los alumnos evaluaron el módulo utilizando instrumento validado conteniendo aspectos pedagógicos (contenido, interacción y actividades) y aspecto técnico (calidad de la interfaz) del AVA. RESULTADOS: Las características obtenidas consideradas como favorables al aprendizaje fueron "contenido" (91,6%), "actividades" (85,8%) y "calidad de la interfaz" (89,7%). La característica "interacción" fue la que obtuvo menor índice (52,7%). CONCLUSIÓN: Considerando la mayoría de las características evaluadas, concluimos que Moodle se mostró una herramienta eficaz de enseñanza. En cuanto a la característica "interacción", es necesario perfeccionar las cuestiones que afectan a las actividades programadas, estas son el foro y chat para propiciar una mayor relación entre los participantes

INTRODUCTION: Nursing professionals need to be trained and qualified to care for people with diabetes, where one of the aspects considered as fundamental for this training is the knowledge of the technological resources indicated for the development of the teaching-learning process, such as computer science, internet, hypermedia, multimedia, besides the various tools of interaction and communication. OBJECTIVE: The objectives of this study were to develop an educational module about diabetic foot in a Virtual Learning Environment - VLE in the Moodle platform for nursing students and to submit the program to the evaluation of the students. METHOD: It is a cross-sectional descriptive study, carried out with 31 students. The educational module was developed as a course distributed in four chapters dealing with diabetic foot. After the course, the students evaluated the module using a validated instrument containing pedagogical aspects (content, interaction and activities) and technical aspect (interface quality) of VLE. RESULTS: The characteristics that were considered favorable to learning were "content" (91.6%), "activities" (85.8%) and "interface quality" (89.7%). The "interaction" characteristic was the one that obtained the lowest rate (52.7%). CONCLUSION: By considering most of the evaluated characteristics, we conclude that Moodle has proved to be an effective teaching tool. Regarding the "interaction" characteristic, it is necessary to improve the questions that involve the scheduled activities, such as forum and chat, in order to provide a greater relationship among the participants

INTRODUÇÃO: Os profissionais de enfermagem necessitam ser capacitados e qualificados para o atendimento às pessoas com diabetes e um dos aspectos considerado como fundamental para essa capacitação é o conhecimento dos recursos tecnológicos indicados para o desenvolvimento do processo de ensino-aprendizagem, como informática, internet, hipermídia, multimídia, e as diversas ferramentas de interação e comunicação. OBJETIVOS: Os objetivos deste estudo foram desenvolver um módulo educativo sobre pé diabético em Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem - AVA na plataforma Moodle para estudantes de enfermagem e submeter o programa à avaliação dos alunos. MÉTODO: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo transversal, realizado com 31 estudantes. O módulo educativo foi desenvolvido como curso distribuído em quatro capítulos versando sobre pé diabético. Após o curso os alunos avaliaram o módulo utilizando-se instrumento validado contendo aspectos pedagógicos (conteúdo, interação e atividades) e aspecto técnico (qualidade da interface) do AVA. RESULTADOS: As características obtidas consideradas como favoráveis à aprendizagem foram "conteúdo" (91,6%), "atividades" (85,8%) e "qualidade da interface" (89,7%). A característica "interação" foi a que obteve menor índice (52,7%). CONCLUSÃO: Considerando-se a maioria das características avaliadas, concluímos que o Moodle se mostrou uma ferramenta eficaz de ensino. Já em relação à característica "interação", torna-se necessário aprimorar as questões que envolvam as atividades programadas, tais como fórum e chat para propiciar uma maior relação entre os participantes

COVID-19 and distance socializing between people living in a residential facility and caregivers in the context of a visitors ban

SUMMARY OF THE REQUEST: The objective of this rapid response is to spotlight various ways that are being used or that could potentially be used to foster social interactions between caregivers and vulnerable people at a time when no visits are allowed at hospitals, residential and long-term care centres, seniors' residences and at intermediary resources and family-type resources. METHODOLOGY: Review methods: The data came from a variety of sources: PubMed, Google Scholar, Google (websites). Various combinations of key words, in English and French, were used. For example: Proches aidants (proches, caregivers); Hébergement (long-term care, nursing homes, youth protection services, Ehpad); Isolement, isolement social, distanciation sociale, confinement, distance; Personnes âgées, incapacités, hospitalisation (elderly, older, disabled, hospitalized); Communication, vidéoconférence; Coronavirus, covid-19. TECHNOLOGY: o A study published in 2017 shows that digital communication technologies such as the Internet could promote social connectivity, thereby reducing the rate of social isolation and loneliness. In Quebec, 92% of households had a residential Internet connection in 2018; however, among people aged 65 and over, this percentage was only 81%. In addition, Internet access in hospitals, residential and long-term care centres, seniors' residences and at intermediary resources and family-type resources may be limited. Considering that digital literacy levels and access to tools vary widely, there is a part of the population for whom technological means are not available. It is appropriate to coach some people in order to facilitate their use of technology (as suggested above). It is important to provide access to a computer, tablet or smartphone to people who do not have these devices so that they can get in touch with their loved ones. COMMUNICATION BETWEEN INSTITUTIONS (FACILITIES) AND CAREGIVERS: Institutions (facilities) may glean some ideas from the following suggestions: Keep loved ones up to date on the situation by using listserv emails. Set up a telephone line to provide a recorded report on the current operation of the facility and update it frequently (e.g., every day). Assign someone to act as a primary contact who can be easily reached by a resident's loved ones. This contact person needs to communicate frequently with a designated loved one to provide updates on the resident's status, particularly if the resident is unable to communicate on his/her own. Share general information or news releases via the Facebook page of the institution or facility. SUPPORT SERVICES FOR ISOLATED PEOPLE AND THEIR LOVED ONES: Consideration should be given to some of the support services as a way of helping isolated people counter the harmful effects of their isolation; these include: Telephone helplines. Online cognitive-behavioural therapy to reduce loneliness and promote psychological well-being in people living in a residential facility. Telephone support services that are normally available to caregivers continue to remain accessible during the current crisis. Examples include: National Dementia Helpline (Australia). Centre de soutien entr'Aidants (Quebec). Ligne info-aidants par l'appui.org (Quebec). There are also online support services for caregivers. For example: Canadian Caregiver Network, for the loved ones of people suffering from dementia.

COVID-19 et la socialisation à distance entre les personnes hébergées et les proches aidants en contexte d'interdiction de visite / COVID-19 and long-distance socialization between residents and caregivers in the context of a visit ban

RÉSUMÉ DE LA DEMANDE: L'objectif de cette réponse rapide est de mettre en évidence les différentes manières qui sont utilisées ou qui pourraient potentiellement être utilisées pour favoriser les interactions sociales entre les soignants et les personnes vulnérables à un moment où aucune visite n'est autorisée dans les hôpitaux, les résidences et les établissements de longue durée. centres de soins de longue durée, résidences pour personnes âgées et ressources intermédiaires et ressources de type familial. MÉTHODOLOGIE: Méthodes d'examen: Les données provenaient de diverses sources: PubMed, Google Scholar, Google (sites Web). Diverses combinaisons de mots clés, en anglais et en français, ont été utilisées. Par exemple: Proches aides (proches, soignants); Hébergement (soins de longue durée, maisons de soins infirmiers, services de protection de la jeunesse, Ehpad); Isolement, isolement social, distanciation sociale, confinement, distance; Personnes âgées, incapacités, hospitalisation (personnes âgées, âgées, handicapées, hospitalisées); Communication, vidéoconférence; Coronavirus (COVID-19. TECHNOLOGIE: o Une étude publiée en 2017 montre que les technologies de communication numérique comme Internet pourraient promouvoir la connectivité sociale, réduisant ainsi le taux d'isolement social et de solitude. Au Québec, 92% des ménages avaient une connexion Internet résidentielle en 2018; cependant, chez les personnes de 65 ans et plus, ce pourcentage n'était que de 81%. De plus, l'accès à Internet dans les hôpitaux, les centres de soins de longue durée et résidentiels, les résidences pour personnes âgées et les ressources intermédiaires et les ressources de type familial peut être limité. Étant donné que les niveaux d'alphabétisation numérique et l'accès aux outils varient considérablement, il existe une partie de la population pour laquelle les moyens technologiques ne sont pas disponibles. Il convient de coacher certaines personnes afin de faciliter leur utilisation de la technologie (comme suggéré ci-dessus). Il est important de donner accès à un ordinateur, une tablette ou un smartphone aux personnes qui ne disposent pas de ces appareils afin qu'elles puissent entrer en contact avec leurs proches. COMMUNICATION ENTRE LES INSTITUTIONS (INSTALLATIONS) ET LES AIDANTS: Les institutions (installations) peuvent glaner des idées parmi les suggestions suivantes: Tenez vos proches au courant de la situation en utilisant les courriels de la liste de diffusion. Mettre en place une ligne téléphonique pour fournir un rapport enregistré sur le fonctionnement actuel de l'installation et le mettre à jour fréquemment (par exemple, tous les jours). Attribuer à quelqu'un le rôle de principal contact facilement accessible par les proches d'un résident. Cette personne-ressource doit communiquer fréquemment avec un être cher désigné pour fournir des mises à jour sur le statut du résident, en particulier si le résident est incapable de communiquer par lui-même. Partagez des informations générales ou des communiqués de presse via la page Facebook de l'institution ou de l'établissement. SERVICES DE SOUTIEN POUR LES PERSONNES ISOLÉES ET LEURS AIMÉS: Il faudrait envisager certains des services de soutien comme moyen d'aider les personnes isolées à contrer les effets néfastes de leur isolement; il s'agit notamment: Des lignes d'assistance téléphonique. Thérapie cognitivo-comportementale en ligne pour réduire la solitude et promouvoir le bien-être psychologique des personnes vivant dans un établissement résidentiel. Les services de soutien téléphonique qui sont normalement disponibles pour les aidants naturels restent accessibles pendant la crise actuelle. Exemples: National Dementia Helpline (Australie). Centre de soutien entr'Aidants (Québec). Ligne info-aidants par l'appui.org (Québec). Il existe également des services d'assistance en ligne pour les soignants. Par exemple: Canadian Caregiver Network, pour les proches des personnes atteintes de démence.

COVID-19 et les moyens ou interventions mis en place pour limiter les conséquences négatives des mesures restrictives sur le développement et le bien-être des jeunes / COVID-19 and the means or interventions put in place to limit the negative consequences of restrictive measures on the development and well-being of young people

CONTEXTE: Le présent document ainsi que les constats qu'il énonce ont été rédigés en réponse à une interpellation du ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux dans le contexte de l'urgence sanitaire liée à la maladie à coronavirus (COVID-19) au Québec. L'objectif est de réaliser une recension sommaire des données publiées et de mobiliser les savoirs clés afin d'informer les décideurs publics et les professionnels de la santé et des services sociaux. Vu la nature rapide de cette réponse, les constats ou les positions qui en découlent ne reposent pas sur une recherche exhaustive des données publiées et une évaluation de sa qualité avec une méthode systématique ou sur un processus de consultation élaboré. Dans les circonstances d'une telle urgence de santé publique, l'INESSS reste à l'affût de toutes nouvelles données susceptibles de lui faire modifier cette réponse rapide. PRÉSENTATION DE LA DEMANDE: La phase de rétablissement d'une pandémie vise le retour à un fonctionnement régulier similaire à celui d'avant le sinistre, tout en prenant en compte les conséquences de celui-ci. Elle se distingue difficilement de la phase de l'intervention, car le passage temporel entre ces deux phases s'effectue généralement de façon graduelle à la suite du sinistre et s'opère différemment selon l'importance et la nature de l'évènement. Au début de la pandémie de la Covid-19 actuelle, des mesures restrictives ont rapidement été mises en place au Québec et partout dans le monde afin de diminuer les risques de transmission et le nombre de décès liés à la maladie et d'éviter une surcharge du réseau de la santé. Ces mesures ont eu un effet substantiel sur le quotidien de tous et en particulier sur celui des jeunes. Leurs occupations ont été grandement limitées principalement par la fermeture des écoles et des services de garde, mais aussi par la suspension ou la limitation des activités culturelles, sportives et de loisirs. Ces fermetures sont considérées comme étant une bonne façon d'aplanir la courbe épidémique, notamment avant la survenue du pic de la courbe. L'évolution de la situation pousse les dirigeants de plusieurs pays à établir un plan de déconfinement, en respect des directives de l'Organisation mondiale de la santé en la matière et en tenant compte de toutes les conséquences des mesures restrictives. Cette réponse rapide traite de la question suivante : Quels sont les moyens ou interventions mis en place pour limiter les conséquences négatives des mesures restrictives liées à la pandémie sur le développement et le bien-être des jeunes, dans la transition vers une nouvelle normalité? MÉTHODOLOGIE: Revue de littérature: Repérage des publications: Une stratégie documentaire a été élaborée par la conseillère en information scientifique afin de créer une banque maîtresse dans le but de repérer les documents clés en lien avec les stratégies mises en place lors du déconfinement des jeunes dans le contexte du coronavirus et autres situations susceptibles de recourir au confinement (p. ex. : SRAS, Ebola, pandémie, épidémie, crise sanitaire). De plus, les constats des réponses rapides produites par l'INESSS portant sur les jeunes dans le contexte de la pandémie à la Covid-19 sont présentés en annexe à titre de référence complémentaire. Les bases de données consultées à cette fin sont : Medline, PsycINFO. Les mots-clés utilisés pour le repérage de documents liés au coronavirus et concepts connexes incluent notamment : coronavirus, pneumonia virus, SARS-CoV, acute respiratory syndrome, Ebola, MERS, SARS, H1N1, pandemic, epidemic, disaster, health crisis, catastrophe. Les mots-clés utilisés pour le repérage des documents en lien avec les jeunes incluent notamment : child, adolescent, kid, teen, youth. Les mots-clés utilisés pour le repérage des documents en lien avec les stratégies et les conséquences des mesures incluent : strategy, distancing, school, nursery, sports, camps, development, wellbeing. Un repérage de la littérature grise a été effectué sur les sites web de différentes organisations nationales et internationales ainsi que ceux de gouvernements de différentes juridictions. CONCLUSION: Les divers moyens répertoriés à travers le monde pour favoriser le développement et le bien-être des jeunes dans le contexte actuel s'articulent principalement autour de trois axes. Premièrement, la mise en place du plan de éconfinement permettra aux jeunes de reprendre graduellement leurs activités sociales, éducatives, récréatives et communautaires. Deuxièmement, de nombreuses mesures sont proposées pour soutenir les jeunes en vue de s'adapter aux conséquences négatives des mesures restrictives qui demeurent en vigueur. Ces mesures incluent les guides de soutien en ligne destinés aux jeunes et aux parents, les initiatives sur les réseaux sociaux visant à promouvoir la solidarité sociale entre les jeunes, et l'accompagnement personnalisé aux élèves en difficulté malgré la fermeture des écoles, par exemple. Troisièmement, une attention spéciale devrait être portée à l'utilisation des technologies numériques dans l'optique d'en maximiser les bienfaits pour le bien-être et la stimulation des jeunes tout en minimisant les risques pour leur sécurité.

Evaluating critical success factors in implementing E-learning system using multi-criteria decision-making.

Learning using the Internet or training through E-Learning is growing rapidly and is increasingly favored over the traditional methods of learning and teaching. This radical shift is directly linked to the revolution in digital computer technology. The revolution propelled by innovation in computer technology has widened the scope of E-Learning and teaching, whereby the process of exchanging information has been made simple, transparent, and effective. The E-Learning system depends on different success factors from diverse points of view such as system, support from the institution, instructor, and student. Thus, the effect of critical success factors (CSFs) on the E-Learning system must be critically analyzed to make it more effective and successful. This current paper employed the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) with group decision-making (GDM) and Fuzzy AHP (FAHP) to study the diversified factors from different dimensions of the web-based E-Learning system. The present paper quantified the CSFs along with its dimensions. Five different dimensions and 25 factors associated with the web-based E-Learning system were revealed through the literature review and were analyzed further. Furthermore, the influence of each factor was derived successfully. Knowing the impact of each E-Learning factor will help stakeholders to construct education policies, manage the E-Learning system, perform asset management, and keep pace with global changes in knowledge acquisition and management.

Trends in Digital Media Use in Korean Preschool Children.

BACKGROUND: Children today are exposed to various media devices, and their usage of these is increasing. Prior studies have outlined forms of harm this can potentially cause. However, there has been little empirical research on the use of media devices among preschool children in Asia. The aim of this study was to examine and analyze longitudinal trends in media device use among Korean preschool children, focusing on the frequency of engagement, time spent with, and ownership of media devices, delineated by sex. METHODS: Four hundred parents of children aged 2-5 years were invited to enroll. The baseline assessment, Wave 1, was conducted between December 2015 and June 2016, and follow-up assessments, Wave 2 and Wave 3, were conducted annually for the following 2 years. Time of media use, frequency of media use, and ownership of media devices (TV, tablet PCs, and smartphones) were investigated. RESULTS: Ownership of tablet PCs increased significantly between Wave 1 and Wave 3 for boys and girls (corrected P < 0.001). Frequency of media use increased significantly between Wave 1 and Wave 3 only in boys' use of tablet PCs (mean difference 0.8 day/wk). Time of media use increased significantly between Wave 1 and Wave 3 for both sexes in all devices, measured by mean difference on weekdays and weekends (TV by 0.6 and 0.7 hr/day, tablet PCs by 0.6 and 0.8 hr/day, and smartphones by 0.4 and 0.4 hr/day). Children spent more time using media devices during weekends than on weekdays. CONCLUSION: This study observed an increase in the tendency of media device use among preschool children in Korea. The patterns of use indicate that paying attention to the types of devices children use is needed, as well as vigilance on weekends.

Stop bashing the suburbs: Mobility limitations of older residents are less relevant as connectivity options expand.

Most older persons (age 65 and over) in the United States occupy suburban residential areas. Distinguishing where the older population lives is important because critics argue that the built environments of their suburban communities make it difficult for them to age in place successfully, that is, to have healthy, independent, active, and enjoyable lives. They point to their low population and building densities, long distances separating their residences from services, amenities, and commercial areas, and few transit and walking options. Consequently, when the mobility limitations of older residents prevent them from safely driving their vehicles, they have difficulties reaching destinations outside their homes (mobility behaviors) to satisfy their discretionary and obligatory needs. This paper questions this suburban bashing. It argues that future cohorts of older people, especially women, will be more able to drive, cars will be technologically safer and easier to operate, and ride-sharing options will be more available. More suburbs will also have mixed-use and pedestrian-accessible built environments reducing the need for vehicular travel. Most importantly, the information, activities, goods, services, and care required by older people to age in place will be delivered to their dwellings. Home sharing, home care, internet connectivity, e-commerce, social media, smart homes, telemedicine and robotic technologies will make the mobility or out-of-home behaviors of older residents less necessary. The paper introduces the constructs of connectivity options and connectivity behaviors to encompass these expanded travel and in-home delivery strategies. These new ways of connecting with their environments will result in more self-reliant older persons who are less constrained by their mobility limitations. These conclusions offer insights for planners and policymakers seeking to make their suburban communities more age-friendly. They must keep pace with the changing ways that older people will access their environments if they are to improve the quality of their lives and help them to age in place successfully.

Salud e Internet: nuevo escenario para la práctica médica / Health and Internet: a new setting for clinical practice

El autor desarrolla y reflexiona sobre el uso de Internet como fuente de información médica, analizando los beneficios y potenciales perjuicios de este nuevo escenario de práctica médica al que nos enfrentamos los profesionales de la salud. (AU)

The author develops and reflects on the use of the Internet as a source of medical information, analyzing the benefits and potential harms of this new setting of medical practice that we face as health professionals. (AU)